macOS is the operating system that runs on the Mac — the desktop computers and laptops made by Apple. Major updates come every year in September. It’s renowned for being a highly secure, reliable and easy to use compared to Windows.
The original Macintosh system software from 1984 was one of the first to use a mouse and a fully graphical interface. Modern macOS began with Mac OS X, when the operating system was completely rebuilt for the 21st century. Apple new updates it with new features in parity with iOS, iPadOS, visionOS and other Apple software.
The Mac has many of the same apps you can find on the iPhone and iPad. Safari, Mail, Messages, Music, Photos, and productivity apps like Pages and Keynote, run on all the platforms. Using iCloud, your data in each of these apps can sync to their peers on iOS and iPadOS.
Tahoe is the next major release that is currently in beta testing. It is expected to be arrive for everyone in September 2025. It’s light on new features, but includes a radical new visual look.
Ventura was released on October 24, 2022. It introduced a new desktop windowing mode and several long-standing missing features from iOS.
Stage Manager is a feature that lets you group windows together in sets so you can quickly toggle between them. It was also brought to iPadOS at the same time.
Clock and Weather come to the Mac for the first time, in addition to the new collaborative whiteboard appFreeform.
If you’re a long-time PC user who’s recently made the switch, here are some tips on Windows feature equivalents on the Mac.
Snipping Tool for Mac
Snipping Tool is an easy way to take screenshots on Windows PCs since it received a modern redesign in Windows 11.
The Mac has similar functionality in the Screenshot app. Hit Command-Space (⌘␣) to bring up Spotlight, type in Screenshot, then hit Return to launch it. There’s also a shortcut you can use — Shift-Command-5 (⇧⌘5). You’ll see a floating menu appear near the bottom of your screen.
Capture Entire Screen takes a full screenshot of your entire display. By default, it’ll be saved to the Desktop.
Capture Selected Window takes a screenshot of one app specifically. Hold down Option (⌥) if you don’t want it to include the shadow.
Capture Selected Portion lets you drag a marquee over a specific area.
You can also record your screen using the Screenshot app:
Record Entire Screen will capture the entire display.
Record Selected Portion lets you drag a marquee over a specific area.
Under Options, you can choose where your screenshots will go, set a start timer, choose whether or not to include the mouse pointer, choose to include your microphone voiceover in a recording and more. Read more details in our full how-to article.
Force quit Mac apps
Two ways to force quit apps, both basic and advanced.
Control-Alt-Delete is the famous keyboard shortcut that lets you launch the Task Manager to force quit a Windows program. The Mac has two similar features to force quit an app.
In the upper left corner of the screen, in the menu bar, hit > Force Quit… to bring up a simple menu that lets you quit a running application. You can hit Command-Option-Escape (⌘⌥⎋) as a keyboard shortcut. Select an app in the list and click Force Quit. Close the window when you’re done.
This app only shows you user applications, like apps that are in the Dock or menu bar. For a full list, you can launch Activity Monitor. This is a pro tool that shows you all the running processes on your Mac, a bit like the Windows Task Manager. Using the tabs at the top, you can sort by CPU, memory, energy, disk and network usage. The table in the center of the window can sort processes by name or by other statistics. With a process selected, you can click Stop in the toolbar to end the process. I don’t recommend ending system processes unless you really know what you’re doing.
Parallels Desktop for Mac
A MacBook Air makes a surprisingly good Windows PC.
Parallels Desktop for Mac is the officially authorized way to run Windows on a Mac. In addition, the software’s Coherence Mode puts your Windows programs side by side with the Mac apps running on your desktop, an advantage exclusive to Parallels.
Virtual machines like Parallels run your copy of Windows on top of macOS. It’s not as fast as booting into Windows directly, but it doesn’t seem like Apple and Microsoft are working toward enabling that on Apple silicon Macs.
NTFS (short for NT file system) is the system Windows uses to store files. The Mac can read the contents of an NTFS drive, such as opening or copying files, but can’t write (or save) files to NTFS. Third-party software can help your Mac bridge the gap.
Apple uses its own file system APFS (Apple File System).
Pro features on macOS
How to update macOS
Updating the software on your Mac is easy. Launch System Settings, then go to General > Software Update. It’ll check if there’s an update available for your Mac. From here, you can install beta software as well.
To update your apps, launch the App Store and click the Updates tab on the left. You should see all your available updates. Click Update All to get all of them at once.
Show hidden files on macOS
Hidden files and folders on the Mac are easy to show. Hidden files are reserved for important system features, so you shouldn’t go rooting through them unless you know what you’re doing. Anywhere in the Finder, hit Shift-Command-Period (⇧⌘.) to toggle between showing and hiding hidden files and folders.
Homebrew on macOS
Homebrew is a popular command line utility for the Mac Terminal that makes installing and updating other utilities super easy. It’s used for programming and software development.
There are two methods you can try to install it:
Go to the official release page on GitHub, scroll down to “Assets” and click the .pkg file to download it. Launch the package that’s downloaded and follow the instructions to install.
Copy and paste the following commands into the Terminal: /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
Once you have Homebrew installed, you can install other packages by just typing in brew install followed by its name.
macOS 26 Tahoe is a milestone update with a dramatic new look, new power tools for pro users — and over 45 new features. It’s still recognizably Mac, but with a fresh coat of paint (or, should I say, glass). And there’s plenty to dive into once you get settled.
Spotlight has picked up lots of new features, replacing Launchpad and adding a native clipboard manager. There are loads of great enhancements to group chats in Messages. Other great enhancements are in Safari, Passwords, Maps, Photos, Journal and more. And a few new apps come over from iOS: Phone, Journal, Magnifier and the all-new Games app.
Great news for people who like finding things. Image: Apple/D. Griffin Jones/Cult of Mac
Spotlight on the Mac is a universal search bar, available everywhere, ready to quickly launch an app or find a file. And in macOS 26 Tahoe, Apple supercharged Spotlight by adding many advanced features.
Spotlight has a new visual interface for browsing apps on your Mac. It’s also a powerful tool for running Shortcuts and actions inside the apps you use. And, finally, it’s a clipboard manager, too.
Here are the ins and outs of Spotlight on the Mac.
If you want Liquid Glass now! Image: D. Griffin Jones/Cult of Mac
You can download the macOS 26 Tahoe public beta right now. You can get a look at the exciting new design coming to the Mac before the update is shipped to everyone. And you can try out the new super-charged Spotlight.
Of course, there are a few things you should look out for. Beta software is buggy and can lead to data loss or apps that don’t work. This particular beta is a rough one, with lots of broken animations and features. A lot of apps you use probably won’t work correctly. You’ve been warned.
If you’re still sure you want to try it out, you should make sure you have a backup of your most important data with two copies of your photo library before you try installing. I’ll show you how.
A high-level Apple exec explains why iPad and Mac will stay separate. Image: Cult of Mac
iPadOS 26 moves the iPad closer to the Mac than ever before. But don’t take the upcoming operating system as a stepping stone toward an eventual unification between iPadOS and macOS. That’s clearly not going to happen.
The reason can be summed up with a phrase that Craig Federighi, Apple’s head of software development, used in an interview at WWDC this week: “iPad’s gonna be iPad.”
There are unspoken rules and tricks to getting your bug reports fixed. Image: Apple/D. Griffin Jones/Cult of Mac
June is the best time of year to give feedback to Apple on betas for iPhone, Mac, iPad and Apple Watch. Just after the company releases the initial betas of its upcoming software updates, this is when Apple engineers have the most time to address bugs and make changes. And that makes this the optimal time to file an Apple bug report.
It won’t be long before Apple engineers’ task lists fill up through the fall, when the new software will be released. After that, teams are rearranged to make the sprint toward the next year’s updates. So if you have any input, you’d best make yourself heard now.
How do you file a bug report or send in feedback to Apple? Apple made a tool called Feedback Assistant that will guide you through the process. It’s available if you’re running a developer or a public beta of iOS, macOS or iPadOS. Here’s how.
This user said Liquid Glass just seems harder to read. Photo: @Stammy on X.com
Liquid Glass looked great in WWDC25 demos Monday, but reactions soon afterward put a few cracks in it. The new transparent and reactive design language coming to all Apple devices this fall strikes many folks as making it too hard to read information on their screens.
Many initial reactions to Liquid Glass make it look like a misstep.
“Can’t wait to not be able to read anything on my iPhone,” grumbled one user. Several others implied Apple co-founder Steve Jobs would hate the new design language.
This 2019 MacBook Pro with an Intel chip won’t get macOS 27. Photo: Charlie Sorrel/Cult of Mac
The upcoming macOS 26 Tahoe is the last upgrade that will be compatible with Macs running Intel processors, Apple revealed at WWDC on Monday. The company continued to make OS upgrades for computers running those chips many years after the release of the last one, but that’s coming to an end in 2026.
June 8, 2009: Apple introduces OS X Snow Leopard, a version of its Mac operating system that ranks among the company’s finest desktop updates.
Showcased at Apple’s Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, Snow Leopard doesn’t seem as flashy as some other Mac operating system upgrades. In fact, Apple famously includes a slide in its WWDC presentation touting “0 new features.” However, OS X Snow Leopard more than delivers on Apple’s core values, paving a path to a bright future for the Mac.
As WWDC25 looms, rumors flow of more Apple app updates. Photo: Gemini
Apple reportedly is cooking up significant changes to core iPhone and iPad apps, with redesigned interfaces coming soon to the Phone, Safari, Camera and Messages apps. The company plans to reveal the app updates Monday during the WWDC25 keynote, alongside other sweeping changes to its operating systems.
The next major macOS release could pack bigger changes than anticipated. Illustration: ChatGPT
WWDC25 is nearly here, with iOS 19 and iPadOS 19 possibly set to steal the spotlight. However, the latest rumors indicate you shouldn’t count macOS 16 out just yet, as it might bring more upgrades than expected. It might not even be called macOS 16, if Apple’s rumored switch to year-based release names happens. (We’ll refer to it as macOS 16 until the big switch happens.)
With June 9 fast approaching, here’s a breakdown of what macOS 16 could bring to the table.
So your OS names are going to seem to leap forward to 26 soon. Photo: Rajesh Pandey/Cult of Mac
Apple might make a major change to the naming convention for all its operating systems this year, switching all OS version numbers to years, according to a new report. The switch, which Apple reportedly will roll out at WWDC25 on June 9, would bring consistency across all its operating systems for the first time.
Elgato's new Virtual Stream Deck will let you put control right on your Mac's screen. Photo: Elgato/Corsair
Elgato, the Corsair-owned maker of popular content creation tools, announced a major expansion of its Stream Deck ecosystem Tuesday with a new “Stream Deck Everywhere” strategy unveiled at Computex. It includes four significant innovations designed to make the customizable control interface accessible to more users and workflows beyond its traditional creator audience. And that includes a Virtual Stream Deck you can put right on your Mac’s screen.
macOS 16 will change how your Mac's pasteboard works. Photo: ChatGPT
Apple informed developers of a major pasteboard change coming with macOS 16. It will alert users when apps read the pasteboard without direct user interaction.
The move will ensure apps cannot silently read the pasteboard in the background without you knowing about it.
This was the beginning of the end for System 7. Photo: Apple
April 7, 1997: Apple’s System 7 operating system receives its last update with the shipment of Mac OS 7.6.1.
The update brings a few bug fixes and support for Apple’s new PCI Power Macs and the PowerBook 3400. Most importantly, it marks the end of the System 7 era, which dawned way back in 1991.
Get ready for your first look at what's next for iOS, macOS and more. Image: Cult of Mac
Apple revealed Tuesday that its annual Worldwide Developers Conference will kick off with a keynote on June 9. Apple traditionally uses WWDC to show off the next major upgrades for iOS, macOS and its other operating systems. WWDC25, which will run from June 9 to June 13, will be no different.
“We’re excited to mark another incredible year of WWDC with our global developer community,” said Susan Prescott, Apple’s vice president of Worldwide Developer Relations. “We can’t wait to share the latest tools and technologies that will empower developers and help them continue to innovate.”
macOS 16 could look more like visionOS. Photo: Apple/Cult of Mac
Apple intends to massively transform the user interfaces for the iPhone, Mac and iPad later this year, according to a reliable source who says iOS 19, macOS 16 and iPadOS 19 could bring the most significant changes in years.
How will those changes affect the familiar look and feel of Apple’s devices? A software developer speculates that a pair of recently released Apple apps offer a sneak peek at the design overhaul reportedly coming in iOS 19 and macOS 16.
You should give these powerful Mac apps a try today. Graphics: Rajesh Pandey/CultofMac
As a longtime Mac power user, I’ve come to rely on a handful of essential apps that supercharge my workflow. These Mac productivity apps not only streamline my daily tasks but also simplify complex jobs, making my work faster and more efficient.
Check out my favorite Mac apps that I can’t recommend enough as a power user.
A selection of widgets might give CarPlay 2 an interface already familiar to iOS, iPadOS and macOS users. Photo: aaronp613@X.com
While Apple CarPlay 2’s expected 2024 release still hasn’t happened, newly leaked images Tuesday show a familiar widget-based interface that mirrors experiences across iOS, iPadOS and macOS devices.
The leaker is considered reliable. If the images prove genuine, they suggest a sensible drive by the iPhone giant to provide a seamless experience across the Apple ecosystem, even on the road.
False alarm! The Docker app for Mac is not a malware. Photo: Docker
Getting a “Malware Blocked” warning on booting your Mac or when starting Docker? You are not alone. Hundreds of Mac users worldwide report seeing a similar message on their machine over the last few days.
The error is due to an issue with Docker, a popular platform designed to build and run apps using containers.
The standalone device features an OLED screen, USB-C connectivity and haptic feedback. Photo: Eniac Technology
A recently launched Kickstarter project aims to breathe fresh life into Apple’s discontinued Touch Bar concept, offering a more versatile and customizable solution for both Mac and Windows users. Flexbar, developed by Hong Kong startup Eniac Technology, reimagines the controversial MacBook Pro feature as a standalone accessory that promises to deliver on the Touch Bar’s original potential.
“The discontinuation of the original Touch Bar didn’t mean the concept was flawed — it simply wasn’t taken far enough to reach its full [potential],” the Eniac team said. “There’s something undeniable [about the idea]: the potential for a customizable, adaptive interface that could streamline workflows was immense. We decided to step in.”
Update: Eniac sent out a reminder Tuesday that Flexbar’s Kickstarter campaign ends Thursday (January 2, 2025), so time to participate is waning. You can still pledge to get one Flexbar for $179 $149, two for $358 $219 or three for $537 $299. And it appears the device will most likely go into regular production, as funding reached $284,612 by Tuesday, well over the campaign’s goal of $2,576.
Let's get that nice new Mac set up, shall we? Image: Apple
It’s a great season to get a new Mac. Every Mac today is a great buy. If you’re one of the lucky people to get one this year, here’s how to set up your Mac like a pro.
So rip open that box, tear off that plastic and get to the good stuff.
Here is Cult of Mac’s guide to setting up your new Mac the right way.
Screen Sharing is a great way to give remote tech support. Image: Daniel Aragay/Wikimedia Commons/D. Griffin Jones/Cult of Mac
A little-known feature in macOS lets you share your Mac’s screen to someone else’s Mac directly from the Messages app — no third-party apps or downloads required. It’s great if you need to give tech support to a far-off family member in a pinch. Often, you just need to see what’s happening instead of counting on what your dear old father is trying to describe over the phone.
Get him to share his Mac’s screen with you, and you likely can solve his problem quickly. Even better, it’s not complicated setting up screen sharing on a Mac like it is on a PC. It takes only a few clicks in the Messages app. Let me show you all around this awesome hidden feature.
Apple’s privacy-focused features in Mail are really handy at keeping spam at bay, but you might still need to find that secret email address or delete an account after a while. Image: Ascánder/Wikimedia Commons/D. Griffin Jones/Cult of Mac
The Sign in with Apple feature, which lets you log into third-party accounts using your Apple ID while keeping your personal info private, is so easy to use that I utilize it everywhere. But that also means my disguised logins pile up, accumulating in the digital junk drawer that is iCloud Settings. If you ever need to manage or transfer yourApple purchases history, Apple now offers an option to migrate digital purchases between accounts.
I’ll show you where you can find, manage or delete these accounts. Perhaps you’re jumping ship from iPhone to Android, and you want to make sure you still have another way of signing into your Chipotle account.
The Hide My Email service is similar. It creates a temporary email address that forwards to your real one — handy if you’re signing up for a shady website, or if you need a public contact email. I’ll show you where you can create new ones and delete the old ones.
Never see another App Store rating popup. Image: Killian Bell/Cult of Mac
Sick of apps constantly asking you to rate them? There is a way you can block App Store rating requests completely on iPhone, iPad and Mac so that the pesky popups no longer appear. We’ll show you how.
★★★★☆
It looks like pretty much any M-series MacBook Pro since 2021, but this 14-inch M4 Pro MacBook Pro is a powerhouse. Photo: David Snow/Cult of Mac
I took the leap from the 2021 M1 Pro MacBook Pro to the new M4 Pro MacBook Pro. As you’ll see from my review, having used the M1 Pro model for the past couple of years, I was eager to see how Apple could improve on the already-impressive machine. And, despite the lack of redesign, I’m impressed, to say the least.
While the M1 Pro and M4 Pro laptops could be the same exact machine judging from the outside — same as all M-series MacBook Pro models — the new one takes some big steps forward in performance. That should future-proof me on this daily driver for at least a few years.